UAV instructors filling combat roles

The Air Force is still producing new pilots for unmanned aircraft, a spokeswoman said, although the service has dispatched its cadre of UAV instructors on combat missions.

“The basic training pipeline for Air Force Pilots, RPA [remotely piloted aircraft] Pilots and Sensor Operators is active,” Air Combat Command spokeswoman Kelly Sanders wrote in an emailed response to questions.

The training process for RPA pilots runs like this: After pilots receive their wings through one of two basic training programs, they enter a formal training unit to learn how to fly the aircraft they will operate in combat. They earn their basic qualification there, then depart for an operational squadron, where they undergo Mission Qualification Training and become combat-qualified.

“Students are going through the FTUs,” Sanders wrote. “However, due to operational security concerns we can’t discuss specific numbers.”

Sanders said operational squadrons are still training their new pilots.

“MQT is still being conducted,” she said.

On Nov. 2, Lt. Gen. Herbert Carlisle, the Air Force deputy chief for operations, plans and requirements, told lawmakers that the Air Force had sharply reduced its UAV training efforts and temporarily shut down the Weapons School’s UAV portion. Carlisle said the reason was that the instructor pilots had been sent to help meet the requirement to keep 60 UAVs flying over Iraq and Afghanistan at all times.

“Our issue today is our ability to train our sensor operators and pilots,” Carlisle told the House Armed Services Committee. “We’ve taken those instructor pilots who’re supposed to be training the next group of folks and we’re putting them in combat missions because we’re simply continuing trying to provide the combatant commanders with what they’re asking for.”

But he said the Air Force will likely have to reduce the number of UAVs it keeps aloft in combat zones in order to rebuild its ability to train new pilots. He said the service simply doesn’t have enough pilots for its growing fleet of drones.

The unmanned aircraft community has grown quickly; it is now the service’s largest group of aviators, Carlisle said.

Carlisle said that the service was on its sixth surge for providing Predator and Reaper combat air patrols.

He said the service had truncated the training pipeline.

In her email, Sanders would not directly confirm this.

“Operation requirements were balanced against the needs of the combatant commanders,” she wrote.

In his testimony, Carlisle said reconstituting the training force and rebuilding the expertise at the Weapons School would take about a year.

Only after the Air Force rebuilds its schoolhouses can it have a chance of hitting its new requirement: 65 combat air patrols. A CAP, or orbit, means one UAV in the air at all times, which generally requires four UAVs to support.

Sanders declined to answer most of the questions put to her about the situation.

She said she could not say how many instructor pilots were pulled to fly operational sorties, nor what the Air Force would need to do to rebuild its UAV training cadre, nor how long the service could keep flying 60 orbits.

“There are a few questions that were too premature to answer because they refer to plans that are currently being decided upon,” she said.

One retired senior officer said the Air Force was responding poorly to a UAV requirement first set by former Defense Secretary Robert Gates.

“It’s like they took a page out of the World War II-era Luftwaffe playbook of sending off the [instructor pilots] to fight the war and not bothering to pass on the skills to the training pipeline,” the officer said. “It’s very shortsighted, but then again that was Gates’ mantra as he focused on today — now yesterday — and pretty much ignored the future.”